Propaganda

Propaganda

• What is Propaganda?
  • Propaganda is a message
  • Attempt to alter perceptions
  • Attempt to control opinions
  • Attempt to produce action
  
  
• Propaganda in History
  • Ancient world
  • Crusades
  • WWI
  • WWII
  • Example: Mohawk Valley strike
  
  
• Why Study Propaganda?
  • Understand its use historically
  • Learn to recognize it
  • Avoid being influenced by it
  
  
• General Types of Propaganda
  • White - not disguised
  • Gray - obvious propaganda but source concealed
  • Unseen - Source obvious but nature obscured
  • Black - nature and source concealed
  
  
• Principles of Propaganda
  • There are no moral codes; the aim is to succeed
  • Propaganda usually involves some fakery
  • Appeal to emotions; avoid abstract ideas
  • Repeat, repeat, repeat a few ideas.
  • Present only one side (the one favorable to you)
  • Constantly attack the opposition
  • Point out a "villain"
  • Utilize Goebbels' principles
  
  
• Properties of Propaganda
  • Appeal to emotions
  • Simplicity
  • Features slogans
  • Constant repetition
  • Stereotyped phrasing
  • Very one-sided
  • Points to a "villain"
  • Criticizes opposition
  • Labeling
  • Not important whether true or false
  • Works on targets' backgrounds
  • Works on cultural symbols
  • Uses devices identified by IPA
  
  
• Dissecting Propaganda
  • Ideology
  • Who is presenting the message?
  • Who is paying for it?
  • Is the source credible?
  • Context?
  • Who is the target audience?
  • Who benefits?
  • Why these options?
  • What happens if you don't go along?
  • Are the arguments valid?
  • Are the "facts" really correct?
  • Is it clear?
  • Are there any deceptive devices?
  • Can you find any other tricks?
  • What do symbols mean?
  • Who is the "villain" if any?
  • Are there any slogans?
  
  
• Last Thoughts
  • The subject is very large.
  • You will need to read to get any understanding
  • Propaganda is everywhere
  • How to respond?